The Famed ‘God Particle’ Has Been Found

Scientists have announced that the elusive Higgs boson ‘God Particle’ has been found at a press conference this week. his is history in the making.

This may very well be one of the the greatest stories in history!  Physicists say they have proven that the “God particle” exists. This is how the press release reads.

British researchers from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN have today (4th July 2012) confirmed that they have found a new particle consistent with the long-sought Higgs boson. Speaking in London, Professor John Womersley of STFC confirmed the news. These results mark a significant breakthrough in our understanding of the fundamental laws that govern the universe.

 It’s a concept intended to explain a riddle: How were subatomic particles, such as electrons, protons and neutrons, themselves formed? What gives them their mass? The answer came in a theory first proposed by Scottish physicist Peter Higgs and others in the 1960s. It envisioned an energy field where particles interact with a key particle, the Higgs boson.

Historic Press Conference

The idea is that other particles attract Higgs bosons and the more they attract, the bigger their mass will be. Some liken the effect to a ubiquitous Higgs snowfield that affects other particles traveling through it depending on whether they are wearing, metaphorically speaking, skis, snowshoes or just shoes.

At a seminar held at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, this morning, the ATLAS and CMS experiments presented their latest results in the search for the Higgs particle. Both experiments see strong indications for the presence of a new particle in the mass region around 125-126 GeV.

Confirmation Next

STFC Chief Executive, Professor John Womersley said, “I’m delighted that we have indeed discovered a particle consistent with the Higgs boson! These results mark a significant breakthrough in our understanding of the fundamental laws that govern the universe.

Obviously having found a new particle, there is still much, much more to do at the LHC — we need to confirm that this new particle is the reason some particles have tangible mass while others are insubstantial, as proposed by Peter Higgs and other scientists, who predicted that a particle like this one must exist for our current understanding of the universe to work.”

Thanks to the results coming from the two experiments, ATLAS and CMS, these preliminary findings appear to show a dramatic 5 sigma signal. If this is indeed a new particle, then it must be a boson and it would be the heaviest such particle ever found.

If the physicists’ theory is correct, a few Higgs bosons should be created in every trillion collisions, before rapidly decaying. This decay would leave behind a ‘footprint’ that would show up as a bump in their graphs

Speaking of the findings the Minister for Universities and Science David Willetts said: “This news from CERN is a breakthrough in world science. The UK has made an enormous contribution over the last 20 years supporting the search for the Higgs boson. Our researchers, universities and industry partners have been instrumental in making the Large Hadron Collider such a success. They deserve recognition for their contribution to this scientific milestone that will change the way we look at the universe from now on. And of course Professor Higgs of Edinburgh University has now secured his place in history.”

Reaching A Milestone

The UK is a world leader in particle physics and has played a central role in this research, from the theorists who formulated the model known as the Higgs mechanism, to the engineers and scientists who have designed, built and exploited the LHC — one of the most complex scientific instruments ever built.

Professor Tom Kibble CBE FRS, Emeritus Professor of Theoretical Physics at Imperial University was one of the key people involved in proposing that the ‘Higgs’ boson existed. He said, “It is very exciting to find that work I was involved in nearly fifty years ago is once more at the center of attention. At the time, the Higgs boson did not seem a very significant feature of the theory, but it has become so as the last missing piece of the ‘standard model’. Its discovery will complete a chapter, but not the story — the model is amazingly successful, but many features remain to be explained.”

“We have reached a milestone in our understanding of nature,” said CERN Director General Rolf Heuer. “The observation of a particle consistent with the Higgs boson opens the way to more detailed studies, requiring larger statistics, which will pin down the new particle’s properties, and is likely to shed light on other mysteries of our universe.”

Are they pointing to one of the greatest finds in history?

The next step will be to determine the precise nature of the particle and its significance for our understanding of the universe. Are its properties just as expected for the Higgs boson predicted in 1964, the final missing ingredient in the Standard Model of particle physics? Or is it something more exotic? The Standard Model describes the fundamental particles from which we, and every visible thing in the universe, are made, and the forces acting between them. All the matter that we can see, however, appears to be no more than about 4% of the total. A more exotic version of the Higgs particle could be a bridge to understanding the 96% of the universe that remains obscure.

“It’s hard not to get excited by these results,” said CERN Research Director Sergio Bertolucci. “ We stated last year that in 2012 we would either find a new Higgs-like particle or exclude the existence of the Standard Model Higgs. With all the necessary caution, it looks to me that we are at a branching point: the observation of this new particle indicates the path for the future towards a more detailed understanding of what we’re seeing in the data.”

More Time Is Needed

The results presented today are labeled preliminary. They are based on data collected in 2011 and 2012, with the 2012 data still under analysis. Publication of the analyzes shown today is expected around the end of July. A more complete picture of today’s observations will emerge later this year after the LHC provides the experiments with more data.

Positive identification of the new particle’s characteristics will take considerable time and data. But whatever form the Higgs particle takes, our knowledge of the fundamental structure of matter is about to be enriched.

The STFC pays the UK contribution to the CERN budget as well as supporting UK participation in the four LHC experimental detector projects, including the Higgs boson detectors ATLAS and CMS. This investment, along with the more than 200 UK nationals employed by CERN and nearly 600 UK scientists regularly working at CERN has been a major contributor in enabling us to announce this discovery today.   * The Above Item Was Issued By The Science And Technology Facilities Council In The U.K. 

 Here, BBC’s Jonathan Amos attempts to demonstrate what the Higgs field does, and what part the boson plays. Some Ping-Pong balls, a little sugar, and a cafeteria tray is all it takes to give an idea of how essential this long-sought after subatomic particle is to the Universe. (If only finding it had been that easy!) Universe Today

  Addendum: Statement From The Uk Prime Minister Following This Morning’s Announcement On The Higgs Boson

“This is a great breakthrough, one that could be profoundly significant to our understanding of the universe and the fundamental laws that govern it.” Following the announcement that scientists have discovered a new particle consistent with the Higgs boson, Prime Minister David Cameron said:

    “This is a great breakthrough, one that could be profoundly significant to our understanding of the universe and the fundamental laws that govern it.

    “All of those involved in this important discovery deserve huge acclaim, in particular the many UK scientists, researchers and businesses that have helped make the Large Hadron Collider such a tremendous success. And let’s not forget that this discovery started right here in Britain. The man behind the theory, Peter Higgs, was born and bred in Newcastle and did his ground-breaking work in Edinburgh.    

    “The search for the Higgs Boson has inspired so many to get involved in science over the years; hopefully today’s announcement will inspire the next generation of scientists too, helping to ensure the UK continues to be at the forefront of the next great scientific discoveries. From Higgs to DNA to Graphene, Britain is great for science.”

 What Is The Higgs Boson?

 Scientists behind Sixty Symbols(Ed Copeland, Roger Bowley and Tony Padilla from the University of Nottingham) are doing their best to answer what actually is the Higgs Boson.

Named after Peter Higgs, an Edinburgh University physicist, the Higgs boson is crucial to understanding the origin of mass. The Higgs boson is a hypothetical elementary particle predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics. It belongs to a class of particles known as bosons, characterized by an integer value of their spin quantum number.

The Higgs field is a quantum field with a non-zero value that fills all of space, and explains why fundamental particles such as quarks and electrons have mass. The Higgs boson is an excitation of the Higgs field above its ground state.

Experiments to determine whether the Higgs boson exists are currently being performed using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Top Documentary Films

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